CC&M+telphase+and+cytokenesis

CC&M

= TEOLPHASE and CYTOKENESIS =

Telophase and cytokenesis make up the last steps of cell division.

TELEPHASE Telophase is roughly the reverse of prophase. The cell elongation that was begun in anaphase continues. Daughter nuclei appear at the two poles of the cell as the nuclear envelopes form around the chromosomes. As this is happening, chromatin fiber of each chromosome uncoils, and nucleoli reappear. At the end of this phase, the mitotic spindle disappears.

CYTOKENISIS Cytokenisis is the division of the cytoplasm, and normally occurs along with telephase. It forms a cleavage furrow, which pinches the cell in two, but this only takes place in animal cells.



In plant cells however, the membrane enclosed vesicles containing cell wall material will gather together at the middle of the parent cell. The vesicles fuse, thus forming a membrane enclosed disc, called the cell plate. The cell plate grows outward, accumulating more cell wall materials as more vesicles fuse. The membrane of the cell plate fuses with the plasma membrane. The cell plate's contents join the parental cell wall. The result is two daughter cells, each bounded by its own plasma membrane and cell wall.